Soil Properties 1

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How soil horizons form:

1. Additions: materials that are transported into the location where a soil is forming. The addition of calcium carbonate through the deposition of dust.
   
2. Transformation: chemical or biological alteration of materials. Breakdown of organic matter into humus is an example.
   
3. Translocation: the movement of soil-forming materials through the developing soil profile. The transport of organic material by burrowing animals is an example.
   
4. Removal: soil forming materials that are completely removed from the soil profile. Easily dissolved elements like calcium carbonate can be removed from the soil profile under rainy climates.